学为贵雅思培训-北京雅思培训班哪家好项目部提供：雅思真经公益课笔记之写作语法篇。

　　以下笔记内容来自童姥 @杨童-学为贵 10月24日的真经公益课·写作周~

　　Grammatical Range and Accuracy

　　• Band 6

　　-uses a mix of simple and complex sentence forms

　　-makes some errors in grammar and punctuation but they rarely reduce communication

　　• Band 7

　　-uses a variety of complex structures

　　-produces frequent error-free sentences

　　-has good control of grammar and punctuation but may make a few errors

　　既要有简单句，也要有复杂句6分也要求准确度，但是允许一些错误，但是他们不能影响大家 的交流和理解。

　　比如说我可能找不到你的主语或者不明白你的主句是什么。

　　7分要求使用各种各样复杂句结构，而且作文中语法单项要求语法错误特别少。

　　那么如何完成呢？

　　Sentence types

　　• Simple sentence S+V

　　-Tiny bits of plastic harm marine life.

　　-Unmanned aerial vehicles, also known as drones, are long-range remote-control aircraft.

　　• Compound sentence （and/or/but）

　　-some states have passed laws limiting the use of drones due to privacy issues, and the Federal Aviation Administration regulates their flight.

　　• Complex Sentence

　　-smaller drones are now available to civilians, which conduct anti-poaching surveillance in wildlife refuges, deliver medicine to needy areas, and offer recreational fun.

　　简单句：主语+谓语

　　-e.g.：小塑料有害海洋生命 -无人机是大范围远程超控的飞 行器

　　复合句：两个句子连词连接起来

　　-e.g.州政府发布了法律限制无人机的私人使用，而且联邦管制飞行。

　　必须有主语有谓语才是完整句子---简单例子就是 I do

　　简单句一般就是主谓宾、主系表结构；

　　复合句—连词连起来的两个句子复杂句—从句修饰主语；

　　Complex Sentence

　　Smaller drones are now available to civilians,which conduct anti-poaching surveillance in wildlife refuges deliver medicine to needy areas,and offer recreational fun.

　　复杂句：从句修饰

　　e.g.：小型无人机现在市民也能用，指挥野生动物保护区的反偷猎监控侦察偷猎动物的人，给贫 困区域分派药物，并且提供一些娱乐；

　　1） anti-poaching—反偷猎

　　2） surveillance—侦察

　　3） deliver—传授，传送

　　4） 传授知识用 deliver

　　As 和 because 的区别 As—代表众所周知的原因

　　Practice

　　1a. Children should learn to use computers.

　　1b. They will need computer skills later in life

　　1a because 1b

　　用 because 连起来---前后是因果关系

　　1a because 1b. 这就是复杂句，前后有逻辑关系。

　　为什么写复杂句不仅仅是为了语法得分，而是为了衔接得分。--CC

　　2.  即使的逻辑

　　although 和 even though 的区 别

　　even though 有一种即使的关系 ---程度强调更重

　　although 只是表达虽然 强调的态度没有那么强烈

　　2a. I don't think there should be laws against violence on TV.

　　2b. I don't enjoy watching violent programs.

　　2a even though 2b

　　Some people like…while others like

　　However,…

　　主句是用来表达你要表达的东西 即使跑步机就在我前面，我都不碰。--态度更强烈---没戏 虽然跑步机在我面前但我不碰。

　　3a. Some people are willing to spend a lot of money on stylish clothes.

　　3b. Others prefer to dress less expensively.

　　3a while 3b

　　3a. others, however, prefer to dress…

　　However 怎么用高级一些

　　3a. Others，however，prefer to dress less expensively. 千万不要给 while 打逗号，while，----这是不对的

　　Some people like…… while others like…… ---这才是正确的

　　However 因为是个副词，但是他做连词的时候代表 no matter how

　　所以作为副词他就可以作为插入语使用，把主语和谓语拆开插入中间

　　e.g. Others，however，prefer to dress less expensively.

　　4.条件状语从句逻辑更合适 If 4a+4b

　　4a. Children don't have opportunities to visit art museums.

　　4b. They will never learn to appreciate art.

　　If 4a,4b

　　5.  定语从句 jet 喷气式飞机

　　*说一下 since：在这里我们很难 再去翻译，句子里意思就是已经 改变世界了的意思

　　如果你们不能理解就把since去 掉理解，也不影响。

　　5a. Jet aircraft have since transformed world travel.

　　5b. They have made every country accessible in a matter of hours-much faster than with propeller planes.

　　Jet aircraft have transformed world travel, which have made every country accessible in a matter of hours-much faster than with propeller planes.

　　5a 主语是 jet aircraft

　　5b 主语是 they，因此可以变成定语从句，非限制性定于从句变成这样---5a，which have made Jet aircraft 复数形式就是不加 s，单复数同形。

　　6a. I like this bookshop.

　　6b. In this bookshop I can read a wide collection of books.

　　I like this bookshop, in which I can read a wide collection of books.

　　Where:on/in/at+which

　　I like this bookshop, where which has a lot of books

　　I like this bookshop, where I can read a lot of books.

　　7.who 修饰 children 就行 And 说两遍没意义 还可以用 so……that 太不成熟以致于容易受到诱惑， 看你表达什么逻辑了。

　　7a. Children are immature.

　　7b. Children are easily tempted to commit improper behaviors.

　　限定-特指-修饰

　　非限定-补充

　　1. 特质就是分不清是非黑白的那波孩子，不是所有的孩子都瞎。 我说的那帮瞎孩子

　　2. 表示只要是孩子就分不清黑白，都瞎 只要是孩子都瞎

　　1. The children who lack the ability of distinction are easily tempted to go astray.

　　2. Children,who lack the ability of distinction, are easily tempted to go astray.

　　8a. Children are immature.

　　8b. Children are easily tempted to commit improper behaviors.

　　先练习简单句，之后练定语从句，再练状语从句。

　　定语“的”状语“得”老师练习语法的方法是根据例句进行仿写。

　　例题 Cambridge 8 test3

　　•  题目：increasing the price of petrol is the best way to solve growing traffic and pollution problems.

　　•  To what extent do you agree or disagree?

　　•  What other measures do you think might be effective?

　　开头部分

　　•  There is no doubt that traffic and pollution from vehicles have become huge problems, both in cities and on motorways everywhere. Solving this problem is likely to need more than a simple rise in the price of petrol.

　　•  句型分析： There is no doubt that +铁定事实 Solving this problem is ……

　　仿写题目

　　•  Some people think traffic and housing problems in large cities can be solved by moving companies and factories and their employees to the countryside. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement.

　　开头仿写

　　•  There is no doubt that 交通和住房短缺have become huge problems, both in cities and on motorways everywhere. Solving this problem is likely to need more than a simple （迁移企业和工厂）。

　　in major cities

　　movement of factories and enterprises

　　句型分析： There is no doubt that +铁定事实 Solving this problem is likely need more than a simple……

　　In major cities Solving this problem is likely to need more than a simple movement of factories and enterprises.

　　主体段落

　　主体段落第一段句型

　　1） While it is undeniable that…… are unlikely to

　　2） As……因果状语从句

　　3） It would be adj. who ……

　　4） While 尽管---前后连两句话他可能也不适用于所有人，who 必须上路 But there are…… that……

　　1） 企业的集中： the concentration of enterprises

　　2） 城市住房短缺和交通压力 housing shortage and traffic pressure facing major cities 3） 迁移企业：moving factories

　　4）减少居民数量：reduce the number of city dwellers

　　5） 城市居民生活：The normal life of citizens

　　6） 完善的基础设施：welldeveloped infrastructures /facilities /High-quality educational and medical resources

　　•  While it is undeniable that private car use is one of the main causes of the increase in traffic and pollution, higher fuel costs are unlikely to limit the number of drivers for long. As this policy would also affect the cost of public transport, it would be very unpopular with everyone who needs to travel on the roads. But there are various other measures that could be implemented that would have a huge effect on these problems.

　　主体段落仿写

　　•  While it is undeniable that 企业的集中 is one of the main causes of 城市住房短缺和交通压力， 迁移企业 is unlikely to 减少城市居民数量for long. As this policy would also affect 城市居民的生活， it would be very unpopular with everyone who 需要完善的基础设施，优质的教育和医疗资源。But there are various other measures that could be implemented that would have a huge effect on these problems.

　　主体段落第二段

　　不是只是挪企业

　　原因是因为规划不合理，所以要 扩宽道路，修建自行车道

　　如果道路被拓宽，cycling path 被修建，多建地铁线路

　　这样就减少了私家车使用缓解 交通压力

　　展开用 when/ if /as long as 句型 这样子就可以细化+句型多样

　　主体段落

　　•  I think to tackle the problem of pollution, cleaner fuels need to be developed. The technology is already available to produce electric cars that would be both quieter and cleaner to use. Persuading manufacturers and travelers to adopt this new technology would be a more effective strategy for improving air quality, especially in cities.

　　While it is underniable that the concentration of enterprises is one of the main causes of housing shortage and traffic pressure facing reduce the number of city dwellers.

　　主体段落仿写

　　•  I think to tackle the problem of 交通问题， 完善城规划 need to be developed…

　　主体段落

　　•  However, traffic congestion will not be solved by changing the type of private vehicle people can use. To do this, we need to improve the choice of public transport services available to travelers. For example, if sufficient sky trains and underground train systems were built and effectively maintained in our major cities, then traffic on the roads would be dramatically reduced. Long-distance train and coach services should be made attractive and affordable alternatives to driving your car for long journeys.

　　主体段落仿写

　　•  However, housing shortage will not be solved by 改善城市规划。To do this, we need to 实现各地区的资源公平分配。For example, if …， then…

　　结尾仿写

　　•  In conclusion, I think that 解决城市问题would depend on 改善城市规划， and on 政府分配资源到各个地区。

　　这一周紧锣密鼓过得好快~写作周就要结束啦，写作保7团，且听且珍惜！

　　今晚19:30，写作周公益课精彩继续。梁康、赵石老师将带领烤鸭进行审题训练，把握好考场上的黄金3分钟，高效审题，绝不跑题！

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